How is it possible if they speak the same language? However, Dutch speakers usually understand more German than the reverse because they study German in school. The main difference is in the ortography. Look at this Polish girl: This is because colloquial Ukrainian is closer to the Ukrainian spoken in the Soviet era which had huge Russian influence. But, as the goal of the OP was to debunk the myth that says every slavic speaker can understand each other, he is quite right on that. Russian, the native language of 160 million people, including many . Hello everyone, An inherent pure inherent intelligibility test would involve a a speaker of Slavic lect A listening to a tape or video of a speaker of Slavic Lect A. However, many groups of languages are partly mutually intelligible, i.e. He said if he was there for about a week he could understand probably everything. Jembrigh, Mario. Apart lack of understandability there are phrases that could be ill understood with famous Polish I am looking for the broom Intelligibility between Balachka and Ukrainian is not known. True science would involve scientific intelligibility testing of Slavic language pairs. For example, the varieties of Chinese are often considered a single language even though there is usually no mutual intelligibility between geographically separated varieties. I would say that Macedonian is about 25% intelligible to a Serbian speaker that was never exposed to Macedonian. Serbs can read both cyrillic and latin without any problem even if that two scripts are mixed in a word or sentence. When I was first exposed to spoken BCS, the most significant issue was their prosody, because the vocabulary and the grammar presented very little difficulty for me as a Ukrainian/Russian bilingual. ago. As a non-Ukrainian (as well as non-Polish) native speaker, I can understand Ukrainian through Polish more easily than Russian, even though I actually studied Russian formally, but never Ukrainian-:) . Also how much of Rusyn do Russians understand on a % basis? You are probably talking about the study Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages? Hello Mr Lindsay, Upper Dnistrian is influenced by German and Polish. [2] As a consequence, spoken mutual intelligibility is not reciprocal. Therefore . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1n9KMawa-8 slavic mutual newspaper For example, those who learn Ukrainian will eventually know 70% of Polish lexicon and a . Bulgarian: 15% spoken , 30-40% written December 2014. It was formerly thought to be a Slovenian dialect, but some now think it is more properly a Kajkavian dialect. Croatian language doesnt exists. In some respects, all Slavic languages have a lot in common. I think that Russian has at least 89% with Belorussian, because I understand all speech in Belorusian. It features phonemic vowel length that came about as a coalescence of a vowel with a following /v/ (usually one /v x j/ in Serbian, the distribution is opaque and unpredictable) or the contraction of the sequence /ij/ into /i:/ this feature is shared with plenty of Macedonian dialects, as far as I remember but has traditional, harder Serbian alveopalatals and palatals, having [t d t d] for Macedonian [t d c() ()] (treating these as allophones as they seem to be the same four phonemes). If you think this website is valuable to you, please consider a contribution to support the continuation of the site. Generally, when foreigners say speakers of a certain language speak too fast, speakers of that language can hear that fast speech just fine. Ive watched that movie on a croatian television with the croatian subtitle and understood that movie much much better, though Croatian also has a little differences. Test only Serbs who know almost no English (they exist in older generation). The diffete. Intelligibility in the Slavic languages of the Balkans is much exaggerated. 1996 . Slovenians have a very hard time understanding Poles and Czechs and vice versa. I think Robert has done articles on 9/11 conspiracy theories and their level of crediblity, yeah. Re: Rus/Ukr Are Polish and Ukrainian mutually intelligible? There are new scientific figures for Czech-Slovak, Czech-Serbo-Croatian and Czech-Bulgarian. But despite similarities in grammar and vocabulary and almost identical alphabets, they differ sharply in many ways and are not mutually intelligible. So, when you're learning the Polish alphabet, all you have to pay attention to are the special accents and the pronunciation. Re: Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian Mutual Intelligibility. Belic) maybe do not understand Macedonian so well as Macedonian the Serbian language do (because of the according to you Bilingual learning . What language is closest to Polish? She didnt have any problem following. http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1289113786/last-1289113786/British+intelligence+links+to+African+Emabssy+bombings. According to a paper on Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family (link in comments): Native Belarusian speakers can understand 80% of spoken Ukrainian and 80% of written . Problem is the spoken form, as Bulgarians dont speak as it is written, which is the case with serbian or croatian. A different dialect is spoken in each town. In the case of Croatian and Slovene, the intelligibility is asymmetric, since Slovene participants could understand Croatian better than vice versa. Czech-Polish is not at 12% anymore, a new study has found it is 32%. I have friends from Bulgaria and I can tell you that they have problems by understanding some things. The dialects of Ukrainian do not differ extensively from one another and are all mutually intelligible. Czechs hardly ever study at Slovak universities. CZECH: Bulharsk jazyk je indoevropsk jazyk ze skupiny jihoslovanskch jazyk. Czechs are more urbane. This has, however, more to do with the new Ukrainian norm. 70%? There is a big problem with this. Chakavian has 82% intelligibility of Kajkavian. Russian. Intelligibility testing between East and West Slovak would seem to be in order. Ni Torlak has six vowels the standard /a e i o u/ and a reduced schwa // thats found where a strong yer once used to be, as in dog and sadness (this vowel has merged with /a/ in Serbian, but the two yers were kept as separate reflexes /e o/ (merging with those full vowels) in Macedonian) with phonemic and morpho-lexical stress that has plenty of grammatically conditioned shifts. For me, Serbian and Macedonian are as different as Serbian and Slovene, they sounds somehow the same, but I dont understand them correctly. At least not in general if so, it might depend on the school. Pure Silesian appears to be a dying language. In addition, the Slobozhan dialects of Ukrainian and Russian such as (Slobozhan Ukrainian and Slobozhan Russian) spoken in Kantemirov (Voronezhskaya Oblast, Russia), and Kuban Russian or Balachka spoken in the Kuban area right over the eastern border of Ukraine are very close to each other. The intelligibility of Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian is highly controversial, and intelligibility studies are in order. Russian is followed by Polish with over 40 million speakers, Ukrainian with 33 million and Czech with 13 million. You must namely take into consideration that the mutual understanding depends on many things if you are LISTENING or READING, WHAT are people talking about, HOW FAST they are speaking, and even WHO is speaking. However, the Torlak Serbians can understand Macedonian well, as this is a Serbo-Croatian dialect transitional to both languages. Also there have been some czecho-slovak shows in TV lately like Czecho-Slovak Idol or Talent with judges and competitors from both countries and I have never heard of anyone who would complain about not understanding. Likewise with Polish vs Czech, and Slovenian vs Standard Croatian (these pairs are the most commonly mistaken as mutually intelligible). Yes you can. 1993. When we do intelligiblity studies, we look for virgin ears or people who have not heard the other language much or at all. For me personally, Serbian is very interesting, because it sounds like Macedonian, but a bit different because of the declensions. Then tokavian person reaction would be: What? . And when islanders respond back in akavian they are puzzled: What? NATO EU. The biggest Slavic language by far is Russian, which has 154 million native speakers and over 258 million speakers in total. Im of the Yugoslav variety by rearing, and a Serb by select bits of culture, by most of my native language and by all of where my tax money goes. What language is this? Paul McGrane. Grammar is almost identical. Vedle hlavn, pouvan v Bulharsku, existuje jet makedonsk norma, kter tak (?) Macedonian is a little easier, since its more a transitional dialect between Bulgarian and Serbian. I kind of like it though . Russian, Polish, Czech, and Ukrainian materials are available. Russians, they usually need some adaptation time (and of course they need to be willing to try -- which is not always the case, since many Russians are monolingual and . Far Northeastern Slovak (Saris Slovak) near the Polish border is close to Polish and Ukrainian. Ukrainian has 62% lexical similarity with Russian but 70% with Polish, which isn't high enough for mutual intelligibility with both Russian and Polish, but Poles can certainly understand Ukrainian much better than Russian, and Russians can understand Ukrainian much better than Poles. If I had to name a Slavic language worst for intelligibility, it would absolutely and positively have to be Bulgarian its phonetics are completely foreign (to the extent that sometimes in the back of my mind I think that it sounds barbarian and Turkish), as is its grammar (the vocabulary, however, is not, being probably 90% similar to Russian, making written Bulgarian pretty easy). 4. Eastern Slovak may have 72% intelligibility of Ukrainian. However, many of these dialects are at least partially mutually intelligible. Many Silesian speakers now speak a watered down version of Silesian which is more properly seen as a Polish dialect with some Silesian words. A professor of Slavic Linguistics at a university in Bulgaria reviewed the paper and felt that the percentages were accurate. My gues. If you're a foreign student, studying russian, it's unlikely you'd be able to understand Ukrainian at all. The Polish langauge uses the Latin script, while the Ukrainian is written in Cyrillic. Not only are these Slavic languages very similar to Russian in written form, but they are also around 70% mutually intelligible. Northern Germanic languages spoken in Scandinavia form a dialect continuum where two furthermost dialects have almost no mutual intelligibility. In its written form Bulgarian is even more different than in its spoken form. He was a member of a group of linguists who met periodically to discuss the field. Since then, Slovak has been disappearing from the Czech Republic, so the younger people dont understand Slovak so well. Score: 4.1/5 (68 votes) . Most people in Slovenia learn Serbian language so it is hard to estimate the real mutual intelligibility between Slovenian and Serbian language. The Answer, and Examples for 8 World Languages. You get 0%. Polish and Russian while Slavic sounding to my ear and is maybe 5%-15% intelligible . Also, danes and swedes have a hard time understanding each other, but they can read the others language quite well. Hutsul, Lemko, Boiko speech (small Ukrainian/Rusyn dialects) stangely enough, more comprehensible than standard Ukrainian. If we follow this line of reasoning, it would be correct to conclude that English is highly intelligible to Serbian speakers because most Serbs speak English. Ive yet to see a speaker of BCS that recognizes the obvious: these three languages are just the same. I also conclude that in terms of straight linguistic science anyway, Czech and Slovak are simply one language called Czechoslovakian. In addition, the two groups have different cultural norms and values. Serbo-Croatian has only 20% intelligibility of Ukrainian. Belarusian is, in a sense, in between other slavic languages. Foreign languages arent always as foreign as youd expect. Ja u da radim is a form more related to Macedonian and south eastern dialects of Serbo-Croatian. If you can speak Russian fluently, you will be able to understand 77% of Polish words, while Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian, and . Check out his page on the FBI 10 most wanted website. In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility between three West Slavic (Czech, Slovak and Polish) and three South Slavic languages (Croatian, Slovene and Bulgarian). Nevertheless Ukrainian intelligibility of Russian is hard to calculate because presently there are few Ukrainians in Ukraine who do not speak Russian. It is not that hard. Polish and Ukrainian have higher lexical similarity at 72%, and Ukrainian intelligibility of Polish is ~50%+. Maybe it is true for two persons from the opposite end of the dialect continium (Hrvatsko Zagorje and Strumica), that have never been out of their villages and try to communicate on their respective native dialects. So I understood 100% But I admit that it was a relatively very easy text. Many Poles insist that Silesian is a Polish dialect, but this is based more on politics than reality. If, for example, one language is related to another but has simplified its grammar, the speakers of the original language may understand the simplified language, but less vice versa. It is commonly believed that all Slavic languages are fully mutually intelligible, which implies that they are close Northern (Istrian and Kvarner) akavian is closer to kajkavian and Slovene then Southern akavian is ( I understand 95%+ n). He conducts his interviews in Macedonian, and as you can watch , his guests, be they bulgarians, serbs, bosnians, croats have no trouble understanding his questions. Or they will say, Well, that is about 70% our language. If it is a dialect, they will say, That is really still our language. Thanks for the information about Eastern Slovak I will incorporate it. Many of our word roots are the same. I see your point, and I agree: there must be a difference in method when determining linguistic intelligibility based on different populations. Russian 20 % spoken, 30 % written Swarte will be awarded a PhD by the University of Groningen on 3 March. ", "Moldovan (limba moldoveneasc / )", "Experimental methods for measuring intelligibility of closely related language varieties", "Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages in Europe", Harold Schiffman, "Linguists' Definition: mutual intelligibility", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mutual_intelligibility&oldid=1137818628, Articles with incomplete citations from May 2015, Pages with login required references or sources, Articles needing additional references from July 2022, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from March 2015, Articles with self-published sources from April 2020, Articles with dead external links from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Kajkavian has higher mutual intelligibility with Slovene than with the national varieties of Shtokavian. Ukrainians can understand Russian much better than the other way around. If youre learning multiple languages at once, pairing similar languages is a great way to maximize your studying. One way to look at Macedonian is that it is a Serbo-Croatian-Bulgarian transitional lect. Nared s osnovnata, izpolzovana v Balgarija, saestvuvat oe makedonska norma, kojato sao izpolzva kirilica, i banatska norma, kojata izpolzva latinica. The revelation comes from General Musharrafs memoir, In the Line of Fire, which begins serialisation in The Times today and will further embarrass the White House at a time when relations between the US and Pakistan are already strained.. Pakistani intelligence chiefs are concerned that General Musharraf may jeopardise their relationship with British intelligence agencies after claiming that a convicted terrorist was once an MI6 informer. If you know Polish, you're likely to understand a little Russian, Ukrainian and other Slavic languages, but this doesn't mean that the languages are mutually intelligible. So they speak Macedonian to me and I speak Serbian to them, and we understand each other perfectly. Czech and Polish are incomprehensible to Serbo-Croatian speakers (Czech 10%, Polish 5%), but Serbo-Croatian has some limited comprehension of Slovak, on the order of 25%. The literary language itself is no longer written, but works written in it are still used in public for instance in dramas and church masses (Jembrigh 2014). possession is indicated most frequently using dative pronouns, unlike Serbians tendency to use possessive pronouns in greater frequency To my opinion, Macedonian and Bulgarian would be today much closer if Macedonian had not been heavily influenced by Serbian and Bulgarian not influenced so much by Russian. On the one hand, Belarussian has some dialects that are intelligible with some dialects of both Russian and Ukrainian. Polish is the most incomprehensible Slavic language for other Slavs, both spoken and written. I grew up as a Ukrainian speaker in North America. Italian is partially mutually intelligible with French, Catalan, Sardinian, Spanish, Ladin and Romanian. Scientific intelligibility studies of Czech and Slovak have shown ~82% quite high but still low enough for them to be closely related separate languages and not dialects of one language. Robert Lindsay, Independent Journalist: l Talk about Things You're Not Supposed to Talk About. In my opinion Czech and Slovak mutual intelligibility is not heavily exaggerated but actually very underrated(or some opposite word of exagerated, sorry for my poor english). Czech has 82% intelligibility of Slovak (varies from 70-95%), 12% of Polish and 5% of Russian and Bulgarian. http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/wanted_terrorists/usama-bin-laden/view Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian. In contrast, Filipovi is talking slowly, and although some words have a different stress than in Czech, I can identify them pretty well and hence listening to this guy is basically like reading a written text in Serbo-Croatian. However, in recent years, there has also been quite a bit of bilingual learning. It is not true that Shtokavian which I speak is not mutually intelligible with Torlakian of southern Serbia. Are Russian and Polish mutually intelligible? cheers Many Turkic languages are mutually intelligible to a higher or lower degree, but thorough empirical research is needed to establish the exact levels and patterns of mutual intelligibility between the languages of this linguistic family. However, you do say later in the text that Furthermore, there is a dialect continuum between Kajkavian and Chakavian as there is between Kajkavian and Slovenian, and lects with a dialect continuum between them are always separate languages. My family comes from Kaikavian (50%), Chakavian (25%) and Shtokavian (25%) areas, but at home, especially last years, we prefer to use only Kaikavian-Chakavian. Some simple words as Zboruva talk were not understood by a Bulgarian and I was obliged to use the word govori so that I adapted my Macedonian to get understood, although we seldom say govori. Lach is not fully intelligible with Czech; indeed, the differences between Lach and Czech are greater than the differences between Silesian and Polish, despite the fact that Lach has been heavily leveling into Moravian Czech for the last 100 years. theres a macedonian TV program called Vo Centar, hosted by a macedoanian journalist who goes around the Balkans and interviews prominent names in politics etc. Communication about such things is significantly impaired at this level. So I understand Kajkavians and Slovenes except for a germanic package. Maltese. Lesser Polish, which can be heard in the south and southeast. Learning a language becomes fun and easy when you learn with movie trailers, music videos, news and inspiring talks. Are Russian and Polish mutually intelligible? Finally, I think the Ukrainians' mentality if more Polish, while the Russian mentality is more fourteenth century Mongol. Nice article, but I think there is a difference between spoken mutual intelligibility and different languages. Western Slovak speakers say Eastern Slovak sounds idiotic and ridiculous, and some words are different, but other than that, they can basically understand it. Serbians often say radiu and its very similar to Croatian raditi u or radit u, but sometimes Serbians say ja u da radim or even u da radim without ja (I), because u is first singular form of the verb hteti and ja is needless, but its very rare and common for southern Serbian dialects and also very very irregular in official Serbian, but that is very similar to official Macedonian. 10%? In addition, Balachka language associations believe it is a separate language. Macedonian syntax and lexics are more similar to Serbian, even though structures of the language such as articles (no declensions) function as in Bulgarian. Sorry for my English, Im still learning itespecially right word order. .Interestingly, Ukrainians can understand the Russian language better than the Russians would understand the Ukrainian. Other then that difference is in grammar and accent.
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