His father was Dutch and his mother Puerto Rican, and hes so light-skinned his street name was Casper. When he was younger, Hoddenbach, who is also 38, belonged to a gang that was under the same umbrella as Torress, and so when the two men first met 17 years ago at Pontiac Correctional Center, an Illinois maximum-security prison, they became friendly. Mack promised to stay in touch, and as we dropped him off, Mack turned to me and said, I think hes going to be all right. It sounded like both a proclamation as well as hopeful aside. He was convinced that longer sentences and more police officers had made little difference. "Blocking the Transmission of Violence" by Alex Kotlowitz Lines 89-100: Explain the meaning of the phrase "transmission of violence" used in the title. Please help me with these questions. Sign up. It also holds rallies or what it calls responses at the sites of killings. He controlled the drug trade on the citys South Side. He trades on his street credibility to defuse violence before it happens. Editors Note: Alex Kotlowitz is a journalist, an award-winning nonfiction writer and a writer-in-residence at Medill. She seen something in me that I didnt see, he told me. 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RELYING ON HARDENED TYPES the ones who, as Webster of Johns Hopkins says, have some prestige on the streets is risky. Who are you to step on your brothers wishes? (D.) In lines 68-88. Slutkin hired Southeast Asian outreach workers who could not only locate the infected individuals but who could also stick with them for nine months, making sure they took the necessary medication. He discusses about the lives of several people. c. How well did the progressive politicians accomplish the goals of progressive reformers? Because the birth attendants were refugees, they were trusted and could persuade those with the most severe symptoms to receive aid at the medical tent. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The interrupters say he has their unqualified loyalty. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like retribution, enmity, bellicose and more. The chance of curing those people was slim, but Slutkin reckoned that if they went untreated, the disease would continue to spread. In Chicago, where on average five people were shot each day last year, 83 percent of the assaults were concentrated in half the police districts. Shootings have declined around the city in recent years. At Crane Tech High School, three of the interrupters fanned out, trying to convince the five gangs involved in the conflict to lie low, but they conceded that they were unable reach some of the main players. We just want to make sure you dont go out and try to retaliate.. This was his first visit back to Chicago. Slutkin says that it makes sense to purify the water supply if and only if you acknowledge and treat the epidemic at hand. He was shot five more times, including once through the jaw, another time in his right shoulder and the last time seven years ago in his right thigh, with a .38-caliber bullet that is still lodged there. Lines 6874: Describe how the evidence presented in this paragraph, compares to the earlier evidence in the selection. (The cuts caused considerable uproar: The Chicago Tribune ran an editorial urging the restoration of financing, and the State House overwhelmingly voted to double CeaseFires financing; the State Senate, though, has yet to address it. Torres and Hoddenbach were at Pontiac together for about a year but quickly lost touch after they were both released. Hoddenbachs ethnicity is hard to pinpoint. Come on, Gary., Last year, CeaseFire lost its $6 million in annual state financing which meant a reduction from 45 interrupters to 17 as part of statewide budget cuts. Hoddenbach always worked. Test. Prater once got an urgent call from his daughter, who said her boyfriend was beating her. Mack drove the 10 miles from his home to the hospital, which houses one of four trauma centers in Chicago. Borrowing some ideas (and the name) from a successful Boston program, Slutkin initially established an approach that exists in one form or another in many cities: outreach workers tried to get youth and young adults into school or to help them find jobs. They were relentless, and Hoddenbach asked to sit down with them. Why did the author place this account at the beginning of the article? 2. During the first four months that interrupters worked the streets, there had not been a single incident. Test. He owned a towing business, an auto-mechanics shop and a nightclub, as well as a 38-foot boat. Something made me do what Zale asked me to do, Torres said later, looking more puzzled than comforted. It became clear as they delivered their reports that many of the interrupters were worn down. log in. And it will evolve. George Kelling, a Rutgers professor of criminal justice who is helping to establish an effort in Newark to reduce homicide, helped develop the broken window theory of fighting crime: addressing small issues quickly. Zale Hoddenbach, center, once a gang member, now a CeaseFire interrupter. Slutkin chose to concentrate on those who had the most active TB; on average, they were infecting 6 to 10 others a year. I got shot 15 years ago, Stone told him. What is Torres planning to do? So you want to put another thought in his head. If you look at how segments of the population view the police department, it makes some of our efforts problematic, Baltimores police commissioner, Frederick H. Bealefeld III, told me. Quizlet is blocked on your school network Please contact your school or district IT administrator and ask them to whitelist the following domains and IP addresses or add them to your district's SSL encryption exclusion list. Only $35.99/year. How is CeaseFires solution different from others? Frederick and his friends sensed there would be trouble, so they left, and while standing outside, one of the rival group pulled a gun on them. Torres want to take the revenge of his nephew murder but his brother stopping him from all this trouble . He had taken an out-of-town buyer holding $30,000 in cash to a house on the South Side to buy drugs. And theres no easy remedy for lung cancer or emphysema. An 18-year-old boy was shot and died on the schools steps, while nearby another boy was savagely beaten with a golf club. It was nearly three months before Charles Mack could find time to visit Frederick, the young shooting victim. But he sees promise in the CeaseFire model. When they were done, the car peeled away, two other sedans escorting it, one in front, the other in the rear. . Menu. Blocking the Transmission of Violence Give this article By Alex Kotlowitz May 4, 2008 LAST SUMMER, MARTIN TORRES WAS WORKING AS A COOK IN AUSTIN, Tex., when, on the morning of Aug. 23, he. Highsmith, Prater and another interrupter joined the man in a parked car, where they talked for half an hour. As you read Alex Kotlowitz's Protection, Highsmith commented. If they could calm themselves, he seemed to be saying, they could also calm others. Test. Stone then asked Frederick if he had heard of CeaseFire. Slutkin says he started to realize how much it was drawing on his experiences fighting TB and AIDS. I recalled what one of the interrupters told me a few weeks earlier: We helped create the madness, and now were trying to debug it.. Historically, the concept existed at least by the time of the Middle Ages, when it was known as a 'truce of God'. When Prater called the night I was there, all Highsmith could make out was: Theres some high-tech stuff going on. In each of them, the interrupters had stepped in to try to keep one act of enmity from spiraling into another. A ceasefire, also spelled cease fire, is a temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions. The fact that theres no vaccine or medical cure for violence doesnt dissuade him. Flashcards. Zale Hoddenbach looks like an ex-military man. Nonetheless, he seemed lucid and chatty. The victim that night was a tall 16-year-old boy named Frederick. On the other side of the coin, a community in which arguments are settled by gunshots is unlikely to experience economic growth and opportunity. Can you explain and answer the questions please. 7. . I havent solved it. I spent many hours with Hoddenbach and the others, trying to understand how they chose to make the transition from gangster to peacemaker, how they put thuggery behind them. I felt like a punk, he told me, before transferring to the present tense. Copying and modeling and the social expectations of your peers is what drives your behavior.. But Slutkin was feeling his way, much as he had in Somalia during the cholera epidemic. Which is respect my brothers wishes., When Slutkin heard of Hoddenbachs intervention, he told me: The interrupters have to deal with how to get someone to save face. Some had more success than others. Everybody blamed the people. Analyze: Why does the author follow up on the story of Martin Torres near the end. Hoddenbach found the clique leaders and tried to talk sense to them. Match. The interrupters told Slutkin that there was a large police presence at the school, at least temporarily muffling any hostilities there, and that the police were even escorting some kids to and from school. And youre alive. But much research suggests that peer or social pressure is the most effective way to change behavior. LAST MAY, after a 16-year-old boy was killed trying to protect a girl from a gunman on a city bus, Slutkin appeared on a local public-television news program. Security and Tolerability of three CGRP Monoclonal Antibodies in Follow: A Retrospective Cohort Examine Goal: We sought to evaluate the security and tolerability of three calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies in sufferers with persistent migraine who have failed a number of lessons of migraine preventive therapies. Were going to learn from it. 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(CeaseFire training material has been made available to the provincial reconstruction teams in Iraq.) Im like, Slutkin, what are you doing? School Cocoa Beach Junior/senior High School Course Title COM MISC Uploaded By henrygmorel Pages 4 Ratings 50% (6) Created by. The Chicago Sun-Times called it the weekend of rage. Many killings are attributed to gang conflicts and are confined to particular neighborhoods. b)is, The narrator says, "The day when he learned his wife had left him, the idea of going out in search of her didn't even cross his mind." Cigarettes are still around. At their next Wednesday meeting, some interrupters were critical of Hoddenbach for paying what they considered extortion money. Two of Hoddenbachs older brothers are serving time for murder. T. Brown 1 Part I Test: "Blocking the Transmission of Violence"1. Sign up. He immediately thought that his old prison buddy was going to join him in his search for the killer. He sheepishly told me that his prison term, two years, was for bank fraud. Lines 171182: What are three possible solutions to the problem of violence? Affiliation The state or process of affiliating or being affiliated. a. Slutkin also went after the toughest cases 26 people with drug-resistant TB. The two had a reunion of sorts when they joined CeaseFire; they shared a cell in the county jail 34 years ago. As a result, the interrupters operate in a netherworld between upholding the law and upholding the logic of the streets. . Analysis Of Alex Kotlowitz Blocking The Transmission Of Violence 88 Words1 Page Randy Pausch once said "Treat the disease, not the symptom." In the article written by Alex Kotlowitz titled "Blocking the Transmission of Violence. As we sat and talked, Hoddenbach seemed unusually agitated. Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. Flashcards. In other words, how do you not do a shooting if someone has insulted you, if all of your friends are expecting you to do that? The other guys laugh at me, he said. Match. What kinds of details did you add to make your account realistic? When Torres went to the parking lot for a smoke, his hands shaking from agitation, Hoddenbach would follow. The out-of-town buyer believed hed been set up by the intermediary, who, in turn, was trying to hunt down the stickup artists. He wears striped, collared shirts, black rectangular glasses and often a black Borsalino, an Italian-made fedora. Lines 109-119: Give examples of different ways that Kotlowitz helps readers understand Slutkin. In the beginning of the subject the Torres change the state of mind from taking the revenge of the nephew murder . BALTIMORE, NEWARK and Kansas City, Mo., have each replicated components of the CeaseFire model and have received training from the Chicago staff. But CeaseFire doesnt necessarily aim to get people out of gangs nor interrupt the drug trade. Upgrade to remove ads. In the end, Hoddenbach had persuaded him not to avenge his nephews murder. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. If there are none, write none. When Highsmith and Prater left me the night of the failed drug deal, they began working their contacts. The boy had been shot one bullet shattered his thigh bone and another ripped the tendons in two fingers. Asked by celvin R #631662 5 years ago 10/30/2017 6:30 PM Last updated by Elvin C #742554 5 years ago 1/12/2018 6:23 AM Answers 2 Add Yours They are the most convincing messengers. Explore over 16 million step-by-step answers from our library. The organization want to calm down them before the things got out of the hands . Violence has been a common menace in many cities in the U.S especially in the streets populated by the Black-Americans. 1) The images in lines 1-5, such as "it vaults the tallest obstacles" and "How rapidly it pounces," convey the impression that hatred a)exists all around us. Frederick had since moved in with his great-grandmother in a different part of town. Because of our relationship, I thought there was a chance, Hoddenbach told me. The first step to containing the spread of an infectious disease is minimizing transmission. One of Slutkins colleagues, Tio Hardiman, brought up an uncomfortable truth: the program wasnt reaching the most bellicose, those most likely to pull a trigger. How does line 68-74 reflect Kotlowitzs pattern of organization? (At the Wednesday meetings, he often sits near the door and whispers entreaties to the others to speed things up.) He points out that in the early days of AIDS, there was no treatment either. The gang members saw the logic behind that but insisted on giving him a beating before releasing him. (One apology was to the brother of the man whose lungs hed punctured; the other was to a rival gang member he shot.) You are also agreeing to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. Anyone can read what you share. As is so often the case, Frederick couldnt remember the genesis of the disagreement between his clique and the other. But instead Hoddenbach tried to talk him down, telling him retribution wasnt what his brother wanted. Blocking the Transmission of Violence - Congressman Bobby Scott May 4, 2008 - to take care of business, he told me recently. Recently I went out to lunch with Hoddenbach and Torres. According to Kotlowitz, Slutkin's philosophy is this: You want to go after them. Lines 186-201: a) Summarize Slutkin's approach to dealing with TB among immigrants from Southeast Asia in San Francisco. It got him hyped up, and he blurted out to Hoddenbach, I feel like doing something. Hoddenbach chided him and shut off the music. Analyze: Why does the author follow up on the story of Martin Torres near the end of this article? He would, he thought, wait until after the funeral to track down his nephews assailants. After the intermediary drove off, Prater joked that there was no way he was getting back in a car with him, that he was too overheated and too likely to be the target or the shooter. Slutkin is going after it in a third way as if he were trying to contain an infectious disease. Lines 151-155: Explain how the information presented in the passage continues to develop ideas about the problem of violence that Kotlowitz presented earlier in the article. . Advocate Christ has come to see the presence of interrupters in the trauma unit as essential and is, in fact, looking to expand their numbers. Even as homicide rates have declined across the country in some places, like New York, by a remarkable amount gunplay continues to plague economically struggling minority communities. Not long ago, I stopped by to visit with Hoddenbach at the Boys and Girls Club, where he holds down a second job. According to the police, Emilio was walking down a street on Chicagos South Side when someone shot him in the chest, possibly the culmination of an ongoing dispute.