Because the following comment was “already submitted” (supposedly) it is not being allowed. This is like a problem with real numbers. The cosmological principle states that the distribution of mat… Upon this bursting, everything will dissolve into the open air so to say. Outerverse? The inflation of the universe slowed after the first initial burst, but since then, the rate of expansion has been steadily increasing due to the influence of dark energy. From electron positron interactions we know that only 2 511kev photons result. It is easier to comprehend ending up where you started from but you don’t. Perhaps other self contained multiverses. Join us at patreon.com/universetoday. (not that anyone could ever verify it). the universe is the limit. So we live in a kind of baked bread multi-verse with all of the holes in the baked dough representing the many universes and the dough representing the stuff that lies between them all (densely packed photons) from which everything is made. It's Universe all the way down. The universe is a vast expanse of space which contains all of everything in existence. Well, have astronomers looked out into space, in search of some sign that our Universe is interacting with other universes? If something was outside the Universe, it would also be part of the Universe too. So that’s a given, but it’s also a philosophical and subjective opinion, because frankly we still don’t know what could exactly qualify as life. Outside the Wire is in the end a lot like Anthony Mackie’s Leo. Pair formation of 1.0216 MeV gammarays (“the creation operator”) should be adequate to populate the universe with matter given enough time, as the 13.8 billion year limit would not apply in this case. What IS time? The laws of the universes fighting or joining together sending everything into a chaotic jumble till it all resettles into a new larger universe. Or maybe the background red shift is caused by photon energy loss, from absorption and re-emission, refraction, gravitational lensing, interference, dispersion, and even the Poynting-Robertson Effect if there is an infinitisimal mass associated with the photon (see Goldhaber, Alfred and Nieto, Michael, “The Mass of the Photon,” Scientific American, May 1976). JS. Still, what is beyond that? I guess isn’t what is beyond the universe the fourth or fifth dimension? In short, it’s not that objects are traveling faster than the speed of light, but that the space between objects is expanding, causing them to fly away from each other at amazing speeds. I hope Mr. Cain is not engaging in obscurantism in denying other descriptions of the background red shift. In fact, consciousness exists outside of constraints of time and space. This means that, at present, we know that the universe i… T the time the Holy Quran was revealed, the human understanding of the nature of the cosmos and the movement or the stillness of the heavenly bodies was extremely primitive and obscure. Densely packed photons, hnu, or energy The same stuff that not only makes up everything in our universe (all particles can eventually be reduced to their photons), but that which exists at the boundary of our cavitary bubble, and beyond, being responsible for the gravitational field into which everything is subsequently being drawn (calculate the resultant gravitational vectors inside of a hollow sphere in a large cube of very dense material). Pair formation of 1.0216 MeV gammarays (“the creation operator”) should be adequate to populate the universe with matter given enough time, as the 13.8 billion year limit would not apply in this case. This is no more than an exercise in mental masturbation by an impotent entity. This is my first and only comment on this article. We covered this topic in great detail in episode 408 of Astronomy Cast, so if you want hear more from Dr. Pamela Gay, click here and watch the show. They'd be 120 miles apart. Space outside space that extends infinitely into what our little bubble of a universe may expand into forever. Essentially the same stuff of black holes. We know that it is at the origin of the universe, that the universe came out of it, and that this renders it … Okay, so, I need to put an asterisk on that answer, and then when you read the fine print it’d say something like, “unless we live in a multiverse”. The inside and outside are not “parts” of the box, anymore than space and time are “parts” of the Universe. What IS space? I know it sounds far out, but no more far out that multi-universes, in my opinion. This is much harder to visualize then that you end up where you started from. Or maybe the background red shift is caused by photon energy loss, from absorption and re-emission, refraction, gravitational lensing, interference, dispersion, and even the Poynting-Robertson Effect if there is an infinitisimal mass associated with the photon. So take motion as the box, and then define space and time in terms of derived properties of motion. That means that, if this holds true and we follow it to its logical conclusion, somewhere out there, there is another person who is identical to you in every possible way, and there is also a you who is only slightly different from you in every possible way (one is an inch shorter; one got hit by a bus 5 years ago and died; one has a missing finger etc.). These different temperatures, or anisotropies are regions where different densities of matter in the early Universe were scaled up to enormous scales by the ongoing expansion. Cosmologists estimate that the oldest photons that we can observe have traveled a distance of 45-47 billion light-years since the Big Bang. And honestly, who can envision a universe that has an end—a huge brick wall lurking at its edge? The EPR paradox is an example. In fact, this “other you” may be reading this article right now; the only difference is that they just picked their nose while you didn’t (or did you?). The fact that our universe is not alone is supported by data received from the Planck space telescope. Imagine, packing electrons as tight as one may, actually touching one another, into a 10cc cube. Every. What we perceive is what we create mentally. Some parts of the universe are too far away for the light emitted since the Big Bang to have had enough time to reach Earth or its scientific space-based instruments, and therefore lie outside the observable universe. It would be that part of our Universe that is speeding off faster than the speed of light. Like 2 cars moving away from each other both driving at 60mph. Feb 2, 2007 31,703 6,611 Riding the baggage carousel. These 93 some-odd billion light-years contain all of the quarks, quasars, stars, planets, nebulae, black holes…and everything else that we could possibly observe; however, the observable universe only contains the light that has had time to reach us. "outside" the universe is a bit paradoxical as others are pointing out simply because the "uni"verse is supposed to encompass everything that exists everywhere. Thing. I thought the current thinking is that we lived in a double saddle universe I forget the term for that geometry. But what is the Universe expanding into ? The speed of light is just that — a speed — and the universe … Anyway, there are lots of ideas for what the Axis of Evil might be. We have a long way to go to find the answers. What is the average of 7 and green? But don’t worry, that region is billions of light years away, and it’s probably not another universe anyway, we just need better observations. Everything is part of the Universe. Outside of that? So what happens when we get to the end? A few hundred episodes ago, I answered the question, “What is the Universe Expanding Into?” The gist of the answer is that the Universe as we understand it, isn’t really expanding into anything. Now, since the electron is quite voluminous (as it contains only one photon, no other particles), imagine if the volume of the electron were to be reduced to the volume of it’s constituent photon. I question why someone would include it in a current cosmology article. 1 hour later, they wouldn't be 60 miles apart. – Carl Sagan, US astronomer & popularizer of astronomy (1934 – 1996), What is outside the Universe? According to the theory of cosmic inflation, the entire universe’s size is at least 10^23 times larger than the size of the observable universe. however there are theories in regards to a multiverse full of universes. • Imagine yourself as a fish in an ocean. We understand some of the PROPERTIES of space and time but we don’t really know how to DEFINE them. There are a lot more out there but, I understand and agree that registration on or use of this site constitutes agreement to its User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Now scale the whole shebang from infinite to infinitesimal. It would seem that what you laid out, along with considerations for the source of heat energy, at least explains the many anomalies that have been observed. I’ve read Brian Greene. Summing their gravitational components from their masses using the gravitational equation we would arrive at some number for this 10cc cube. This only really applies if the universe has a closed, finite geometry (in at least one direction). Ultimately, this means that we could only reach the edge of the observable universe if we develop a method of transport that allows us to either 1) Travel faster than the speed of light (something which most physicists think is impossible) 2) Transcend spacetime (by using wormholes or warp drive, which most physicists also think is impossible). Indeed they have, and they’ve found something really strange. He said that “without motion, nothing happens”. The true boundary of our Universe can’t be seen. Conversely, if we created a 10cc cube of this condensed electron constituent, we might even call it a baby black hole with all of the gravitational attributes of something so dense and concentrated. I always try to think about what would “be” if our universe (or any universes as it may be), did not exist. First, you have to have a box. One form of the question asks, \"Could you go somewhere that you could look 'beyond' the universe,\" the way one might peer beyond a cliff edge or look out a window to see the outside of a building? That means that our observable universe is some 93 billion light-years wide (give or take a few light-years). That’s a lot of universe that we are missing. Humans tried to uncover the entire universe in ancient times. • In 1929, American Astronomer, Edwin Hubble discovered the Red shift of galaxies which indicated Expansion of this Universe. The visible diameter of the universe we are in has reached 93 billion light-years. To break this down, according to special relativity, objects that are close together cannot move faster than the speed of light with respect to one another; however, there is no such law for objects that are extremely distant from one another when the space between them is, itself, expanding. Whatever or whoever ends up in the city is erased from the flow time as if they never existed, and is therefore forgotten about. “The universe is not required to be in perfect harmony with human ambition.” This is kinda the same questions as “what is out universe expanding into?”. Unfortunately, since we can’t see it or measure it, we don’t know what lies beyond the bounds of the observable universe. The Universe: Nothing like this. My question though would be, who or how did our buble get made to begin with? Or 26 and unicorn dreams? This includes not only Marvel Comics, but also DC Comics, Image, Dark Horse, Archie, Harvey, Shueisha, Boom Studios, Rebellion, Dynamite, IDW, Graphic India, Derby Pop, Vertigo, Oni Press, Udon, Valiant, and every universe ever mentioned or seen (and an infinite amount never mentioned or seen) inclu… Of course, this sounds like pseudo scientific mumbo jumbo, and next you’ll expect me to talk about chakras, astrology and channeling the spirit of Big Foot. The narrative is only possible b/c of the observer(s), “Duplicate comment detected; it looks as though you’ve already said that!”. This comment section is “fixed’ worse than the GOP nominating process. Join our 836 patrons! Where do things go when there is no “where” to go to? Or maybe the background red shift is caused by photon energy loss, from absorption and re-emission, refraction, gravitational lensing, interference, dispersion, and even the Poynting-Robertson Effect if there is an infinitisimal mass associated with the photon (see Goldhaber, Alfred and Nieto, Michael, “The Mass of the Photon,” Scientific American, May 1976). Very shortly thereafter, primordial light started shooting across the cosmos and spreading throughout the early universe. No particles. What would “exist” if anything….and if nothing existed, how do we picture it..or, like a 4th or higher dimension, can we picture it? So if this is the case, and astronomers are witnessing a universal interaction, what does this mean for the poor aliens who might be getting overlapped by the next universe over? Lying hundreds of billions of light years from us could be other island universes much like our own. The Omniverse is the collection of every single universe, multiverse, megaverse, dimension (alternate or pocket) and realm. The "outside the universe" question gets tricky right off the bat, because first you have to define the universe. It is finite. THEN you can define an “inside” and an “outside”. This seems logical. All that we can see and measure. Hi PUNCHCARD4GTAC, Well, our universe does have an edge — that is, if by "our universe," you mean the observable universe. Makes me think the author was celebrating 420 day. As for the structures themselves, they could be literally anything: Amazingly huge accumulations of matter and energy (on scales we can hardly imagine) or even bizarre warps in space-time that are funneling gravitational forces from other universes. Seriously, every single one of them is more reasonable and more likely than what I’m about to say. The continuous expansion of new time and space takes place entirely within the singularity – there is no such thing as an outside the singularity for spacetime to expand into. @Mr Whizard: Our universe is enclosed within a singularity, an infinitesimally small dimensionless point. Pair formation of 1.0216 MeV gammarays (“the creation operator”) should be adequate to populate the universe with matter given enough time, as the 13.8 billion year limit would not apply in this case. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! But if we looked inside either one, we’d actually see a mess of random wires … Imagine an empty container. This is a mis-framed question akin to “what is outside the box?”. Those several paragraphs succinctly explained a very complex and varied topic into a neat consistent picture of how the more obscure aspects of matter work. We just mock up something else and that is what will be. Still Universe. One theory suggests that the great beyond of our universe might simply … A giant cosmic child girl blowing cosmic bubbles? You’ll especially enjoy watching me pick up the shattered pieces of my brain as I try to wrap my head around this mind bending concept. Today it is known that Earth is only a small ball of rock in a space of unimaginable … Or the Macroscopic environment. The .html file gives a link to the .pdf, and also contains additional information such as updates and comments. Share The " City Outside the Universe " is a supernatural location which supposedly exists outside the flow of time, and it is where everything the time anomalies absorb is taken to. Our existence nothing more than a few seconds in the view of this cosmic child? I love this topic. Outside of that we have no idea. Then he bends back to the CMB, and that’s back into the macroscopic again. If so, is it the same kind of nothing that exists between galaxies, stars, planets and moons? After all, it doesn’t make sense that one section of the universe would be different than what we see around us. Notably, recent analyses have claimed to debunk the dark flow model, but this debunking is still being disputed. Finally, all of the constituents of our universe are accelerating, via gravity, to the edges of our universe due to a large amount of gravitationally significant material that exists at it’s margins (and further). That question is what drives research, as well as natural human curiosity. Not true. If you go in any one direction long enough, you just return to your starting point. But regarding the intelligence argument. You know almost everything about the ocean. “If you go in any one direction long enough, you just return to your starting point.”. We don't know Cosmologists and Astronomers have put forward theories about this but really, no one knows. Or.. Or… We pop and we like the soap bubble, release our contents into the open whatever you want to call it. At some point in time the cavitary bubble will cease to expand and will then contract (could be happening now…). Implicit in that picture of the universe is an outside. One of the super interesting and definitely way out there ideas is that our cosmos to actually just one universe in a vast multiverse. Ultimately, understanding this facet of physics is the key to understanding what lies beyond the edge of the observable universe and whether we could ever get there. So like bubbles we may pop or merge into a giant bubble. Even allowing for our type of star being necessary for life to emerge on a rocky world, the universe must have many worlds that are remarkably Earth-like … So, as matter is consumed, whether into photos at black holes, or via fusion or fission in solar bodies, etc., heat is produced along with photons. (Although “past” and “future” have very little meaning outside our universe.) To make it simple, we don't really know. As Fraser Cain from Universe Today explains, one possibility is that it's expanding into an unfathomable cosmic void called the multiverse, which harbours not just our own Universe, but a multitude of parallel universes. if you do think that there is something outside the universe then it would probably be an over/underworld if you look from the religous side of things. What is outside the observable universe? Theorists call this a “multiverse.” Interestingly, the idea asserts that these universes can come into contact with one another—gravity can flow between these parallel universes, and when they connect, a Big Bang like the one that created our universe may occur. Roughly 13.75 billion years ago, our universe came into existence. Also, where does this heat go at the peripheries? We either live in a Universe, or we live in a Multi-verse. Comment: Or maybe the background red shift is caused by photon energy loss, from absorption and re-emission, refraction, gravitational lensing, interference, dispersion, and even the Poynting-Robertson Effect if there is an infinitisimal mass associated with the photon (see Goldhaber, Alfred and Nieto, Michael, “The Mass of the Photon,” Scientific American, May It is able to be anywhere: in the human body and outside of it. Electrons and positrons have mass and from the formula for conversion of mass and energy, Ta Da! However, hang on a second, this might actually be science. True nothing can not exist. But “infinity” means that, beyond the observable universe, you won’t just find more planets and stars and other forms of material…you will eventually find every possible thing. “Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one.” This notion seems inconceivable. @fowlowl1955: The universe began as an infinitesimally small dimensionless point called a singularity and we observe this point to be located about 47.5 billion light years away in every direction in our 13.8 billion year-old universe. @Jond: I completely agree that the quote “If you go in any one direction long enough, you just return to your starting point” is false and archaic. This is no longer the case, as our knowledge of the universe has considerably advanced and expanded by the present age. The individual universes emerge from the infinite stuff that surrounds them. Curiously enough, Einstein’s ToR shows us that no matter where you go, or how fast you travel to get there, you must always maintain your relative frame of reference of viewing yourself at the center of the universe. Also, the actual universe is much much much bigger than the observable universe. For some reason this totally intrigues me……and for some crazy reason, if nothing existed, I picture infinite “yellow”. If these bubble universes got close enough, there might be a way they could rub together, to interact in ways that were detectable from within the Universe. What we know with certainty is that the Big Bang occurred 13.8 billion years ago, meaning that is the age of the universe. Nothing? At this juncture, the universe itself was also expanding. 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