[74] More recently, in 2022 the CIA World Factbook estimated that Shia Muslims constitute 31.2%[1] of Lebanon's population.[76][1]. These feudal families frequently quarrelled with the Ottoman governors to maintain autonomy over their territories. For the most part, you cant tell a Shiite or a Sunni by how they look, talk, or dress. Only by this can you face the conspiracy and put an end to the civil strife.[36]. [72], Lebanese Shia Muslims are concentrated in south Beirut and its southern suburbs, northern and western area of the Beqaa Valley, as well as Southern Lebanon.[73]. During this period of chaos, also several predominantly Christian villages in the region were attacked due to the armed support they received from the French and their perceived acceptance of French mandatory rule, including Ain Ebel. Chebli's funeral procession ended in bloodshed. In social terms, Tripoli and Tyre experienced a drastic upheaval with the crusader conquests. verset coranique pour attirer les femmes. BEIRUT The Lebanese military on Sunday said overnight riots and sectarian tensions in central Beirut and other areas left dozens of people injured, including 25 soldiers, and warned that the clashes had endangered national unity. [21][22] Shias in the Bekaa valley remained under Muslim rule and were on good terms with Bahramshah (11821230), who welcomed a prominent Shia scholar from Homs in the city in 1210s, a gesture that "gave morale to the Shiites living in the nahiyah (of Baalbek)". *. [36], In January 1926, the French High Commissioner officially recognized the Shia community as an "independent religious community," which was permitted to judge matters of personal status "according to the principles of the rite known by the name of Ja'fari. (However, in a country that had last census in 1932, it is difficult to have correct population estimates) The Lebanese Sunni Muslims are highly concentrated in Lebanon's . Long live Lebanon, Long live Lebanese unity and long live the Shiites. [82], "Mutawl" redirects here. Vacillating Wildly From Dispiriting to Exhilarating. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Shias are the only sect eligible for the post of Speaker of Parliament. Genealogical DNA testing has shown that 21.3% of Lebanese Muslims (non-Druze) belong to the Y-DNA haplogroup J1 compared with non-Muslims at 17%. 38. The Shiites resented the Shihabi-Egyptian alliance, and assumed a central role in the efforts of expelling the Egyptians from Syria. These contacts greatly angered the Ottomans. [28] [12] Slate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. [46] During these negotiations, petitions were often used by different sects to demand support for reforms. On the other hand, Tyre successfully resisted a major siege in 1112 with the help of Toghtekin and infantry from Jabal Amel, but fell to the Venetian Crusade in 1124. Sami Ramadan, a Sunni recruiter for Shiite Hezbollah's Saraya al-Muqawama, sits in a school in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, Oct. 20, 2015. Najm ad-Din ibn Malli al-Baalbeki (b. The diverse attributes are seen in everyday living in Lebanon. Further east, the Bekaa valley was known as Amqu in the Bronze Age, and was part of Amorite kingdom of Qatna and later Amurru kingdom, and had local city-states such as Eniasi. Politicians, Diplomats, and Public Servants, the Lebanese National Bloc political party, International Religious Freedom Report 2008, Y-Chromosomal Diversity in Lebanon Is Structured by Recent Historical Events, "Lebanon's Sheikhs Take on Assad and Hezbollah", Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression, Syria's war ignites sectarian strife in Lebanon, "2012 Report on International Religious Freedom - Lebanon", "Contemporary distribution of Lebanon's main religious groups", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lebanese_Sunni_Muslims&oldid=1142332895, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 20:43. Theo nh th nghim ca chng ti th chi nui l hay theo chu k bao gi cng c c xc sut chin thng cao hn cch chi theo ngy chnh v th m chng ti khuyn cc bn nn theo chi phng php nui c c an ton v bn vng hn nh. Thus, the Shia oppression in Lebanon was a marriage of politics and religion. Its not easy. [67] In the mid-1980s, several hundred Isma'ilis were thought to still live in a few communities scattered across several parts of Lebanon. Politically and physically weakened, the Hamadas retained some of their tax farms in Mount Lebanon until 1771 when they were defeated and evicted by the northward expanding Shihab dynasty. Aqqush's army of 50,000 advanced and encircled Keserwan from four sides, and was confronted by an estimated 4,000 infantrymen on the Shiites' behalf. A Lebanese Sunni cleric known for his strong anti-Hezbollah views was killed by a group that included his relatives, Lebanon's Internal Security Forces said. These people influenced Lebanese art, literature, music, cuisine, religion, and architecture. Legendary Lakers center and all-time NBA leading scorer Kareem Abdul-Jabbar was born Lew Alcindor in New York City and raised Roman Catholic. Nu bn mun chi l tng ngy hay nui lu di hn th ch cn click chn vo nhng ng link m chng ti phn loi theo tng mc trang ch sau ko xung l s thy c nhng con s m chuyn gia cht sn ri. It has been suggested that Ottoman-era persecution might have spurred them to leave for elsewhere in the region, though there is no record or evidence of any kind of large exodus. What does 222 mean in Bible? 225,000 Lebanese to vote overseas in 58 countries and 596 polling stations, Lebanons bank deposits down by USD 11.1 billion, Lebanese banking sector: USD 22.1 billion of profits in 26 years, Non-Lebanese own 37 million m2 of the country, Non-Lebanese own LBP 64.4 billion in property, Polling the Lebanese on Hezbollahs Decision to Import Fuel from Iran, Hanna Saadah - Three Arabian Tales Harked With Little Ears, Between Fakhreddines millions and the Medicis, Zabbal Families: Greek Catholic in Beirut, Al-Sous Families-Maronites, Sunni, Orthodox and Israelis in Zgharta, Saida, al-Qebbeh and Mina El-Hosn, Lebanon witnesses a high number of departures after Beirut blast, Lebanese travelers and emigrants (2018-2019), Anwar El-Khatib (1910-1970)-A sorely missed jurist, Municipalities of Lebanon : Dissolution of 71 Municipal Councils. According to the CIA World Factbook, Shia Muslims constituted an estimated 31% of Lebanon's population in 2022.[1]. Other names cant be linked to one sect or the other: Youll find plenty of Muslims from both camps named after Mohammed or his daughter Fatima. club xl harrisburg capacity; pivotal group snapnurse; what happened to sofia's daughter in john wick 3; rachel lavine robbie kaplan; [42] Shia leaders and religious clergy supported educational reforms in order to improve the social and political marginalization of the Shia community and increase their involvement in the newly born nation-state of Lebanon. [53], In addition, the Shia Twelvers in Lebanon have close links to the Syrian Shia Twelvers. The group soon became widely vilified in the Islamic world for its armed campaigns across throughout the following decades, which included slaughtering Muslim pilgrims and sacking Mecca and Medinaand Salamiyah. Maronites, Rum Christians, Protestant Christians etc. Alessandria Masi/International Business Times "[48] This meant that the Shiite Ja'fari jurisprudence or madhhab was legally recognized as an official madhhab, and held judicial and political power on multiple levels. [36], In the 19th century, Lebanon saw dramatic changes when missionaries started establishing schools throughout the country. situs link alternatif kamislot Under the Ottomans, Local Shias often came into conflict with Ottoman-assigned governors of Tripoli, Sidon and Damascus, who derogatorily referred to them as Qizilbash in their documents as a means to delegitimize them or justify punitive campaigns against them. Sectarian violence in Iraq last week resulted in 379 deaths and 458 wounded, the Iraqi government announced on Tuesday. [54], There are an estimated 100,000[55][56][57] Alawites in Lebanon, where they have lived since at least the 16th century. [28] Almost a century later, the Harfushes gave shelter to Haydar Shihab and provided him with 2,500 troops to carry out the Battle of Ain Dara, which resulted in Haydar Shihab's decisive victory. In a 2020 study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics, authors showed that there is substantial genetic continuity in Lebanon and the Levant since the Bronze Age (33001200 BC) interrupted by three significant admixture events during the Iron Age, Hellenistic, and Ottoman period, each contributing 3%11% of non-local ancestry to the admixed population. [28], Zahir's military potential was significantly boosted by the backing of 10,000 Shiite fighters, noted by a French consul as "excellent fighters",[28] who aided him against the sieges and assaults of the governors of Damascus, and participated in fifteen subsequent campaigns against his foes. "[51] With the Ja'fari shar'ia courts in practice, the Shia community was deliberately encouraged to "practice sectarianism" on a daily basis. According to contemporary chronicler Ibn Tulun, many Shiites had come to join the battle. While the French and Russians mainly encouraged Maronite and Orthodox active learning respectively, along with American Protestant missions in Beirut, the British established educational institutions in Druze areas, and Sunnis mainly benefitted from Ottoman state institutions. In the 2006 Lebanon War, Israeli warplanes bombed the factory of the Maliban Glass company in the Beqaa valley on 19 July. At the best of times, the Alawites are regarded by Sunnis as heretics; at times of tension, when thousands of Sunnis in Syria are being killed, they are regarded as the enemy. [3], The cultural and linguistic heritage of the Lebanese people is a blend of both indigenous Phoenician elements, Arab culture and the foreign cultures that have come to rule the land and its people over the course of thousands of years. According to al-Muhajir, Yaman-affiliated tribes which lived in the surroundings of Baalbek before 872, such as Banu Kalb[20] and Banu Hamdan[13] were supportive of Alid sentiments at the time, and they likely played a role in disseminating Shia Islam in the Bekaa and anti-Lebanon mountains.
Halibrand Magnesium Wheels, Combien De Fois Rihanna Dit Diamond, Articles L